/* ==========================================================================
   YCHO Lab Website — Design System
   智慧醫療轉譯及創新實驗室 (Smart Health Translation & Innovation Lab)
   版面與元件結構與 sung-lab-website 保持一致，僅替換品牌色票。
   色彩系統：深藍靛（主品牌）＋智慧藍（次品牌）＋臨床綠（監測）＋創新紫（AI）
   ========================================================================== */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1. Variables
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
:root {
  --brand: #263B80;      /* 主品牌 深藍靛 — Logo、主標題、主要按鈕 */
  --blue: #4568C8;       /* 次品牌 智慧藍 — 連結、圖示、卡片標記 */
  --teal: #2AAE9B;       /* 臨床綠 — 監測狀態、資料節點、成功訊號 */
  --purple: #7668D8;     /* 創新紫 — AI、創新、教育相關元素 */
  --blue-bg: #EEF4FF;    /* 冰河藍 — 藍色卡片背景 */
  --teal-bg: #ECF8F5;    /* 薄荷白綠 — 臨床與轉譯區塊 */
  --purple-bg: #F3F0FF;  /* 淡薰衣草 — AI 與創新區塊 */
  --tint: #F7F9FC;       /* 冷調霧白 — 區塊交錯背景 */
  --border: #DCE3EE;     /* 冷灰藍 — 卡片、分隔線 */
  --white: #FFFFFF;
  --gray: #63708A;       /* 次文字 灰藍 */
  --ink: #17223B;        /* 主文字 深藍黑 */
  --ecg: var(--teal);    /* ECG 描線動畫顏色（js/micro.js 讀取） */
  --radius: 20px;
  --radius-pill: 999px;
  --shadow-card: 0 10px 30px rgba(38, 59, 128, 0.10);
  --shadow-glass: 0 24px 70px rgba(38, 59, 128, 0.16);
  --glass: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.70);
  --glass-strong: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86);
  --glass-border: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  --focus-ring: 0 0 0 4px rgba(69, 104, 200, 0.22);
  --grad-brand: linear-gradient(135deg, #4568C8, #7668D8);
  --font-sans: "Noto Sans TC", "Inter", system-ui, sans-serif;
  --font-en: "Inter", "Noto Sans TC", sans-serif;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2. Reset
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html,
body {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

body {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 9% 12%, rgba(42, 174, 155, 0.08), transparent 28rem),
    radial-gradient(circle at 90% 24%, rgba(118, 104, 216, 0.10), transparent 30rem),
    var(--white);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  line-height: 1.6;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 92px;
}

::selection {
  color: var(--ink);
  background: rgba(42, 174, 155, 0.24);
}

:where(a, button, input, select, textarea):focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--blue);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  box-shadow: var(--focus-ring);
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  display: block;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

ul,
ol {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

button {
  font-family: inherit;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   3. Typography
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.mono-en {
  font-family: var(--font-en);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--blue);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   4. Layout
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 24px;
}

.section {
  padding: 80px 0;
}

.section--tint {
  background: var(--tint);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   5. Components
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Card */
.card {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--glass);
  border: 1px solid var(--glass-border);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px) saturate(1.18);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(18px) saturate(1.18);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  padding: 32px;
}

.card::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -1;
  inset: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(360px circle at var(--pointer-x, 50%) var(--pointer-y, 50%), rgba(118, 104, 216, 0.18), transparent 65%);
  transition: opacity 0.35s ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}

@media (hover: hover) and (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .card {
    transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(.2, .8, .2, 1), box-shadow 0.4s ease, border-color 0.4s ease;
  }

  .card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-7px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-glass);
    border-color: rgba(118, 104, 216, 0.28);
  }

  .card:hover::before { opacity: 1; }
}

.card--soft {
  background: var(--teal-bg);
}

/* Buttons */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 14px 28px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1rem;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}

.btn-primary {
  background: var(--brand);
  color: var(--white);
}

.btn-primary::after {
  content: "\2192";
  display: inline-block;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.btn-outline {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--brand);
  border: 2px solid var(--blue);
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .btn-primary:hover,
  .btn-outline:hover {
    transform: scale(1.04);
  }

  .btn-primary:hover::after {
    transform: translateX(4px);
  }
}

/* Chip */
.chip {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 6px 16px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  background: var(--blue-bg);
  color: var(--brand);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* Avatar */
.avatar {
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  color: var(--white);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* When .avatar wraps a real <img> (e.g. member photo), keep the circular
   crop and fill the frame without distortion. */
img.avatar {
  object-fit: cover;
}

/* Work-in-progress placeholder */
.wip {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 160px;
  border: 2px dashed var(--blue);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  text-align: center;
  background: var(--tint);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   6. Decorations
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Gradient blob */
.blob {
  position: absolute;
  width: 420px;
  height: 420px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  filter: blur(80px);
  opacity: 0.35;
  z-index: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Dotted pattern background */
.dots {
  background-image: radial-gradient(var(--blue) 1.5px, transparent 1.5px);
  background-size: 18px 18px;
  opacity: 0.25;
}

/* ECG divider */
.ecg-divider {
  width: 100%;
  height: 40px;
  background-repeat: repeat-x;
  background-position: center;
  background-size: 300px 40px;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='300' height='40' viewBox='0 0 300 40'%3E%3Cpolyline points='0,20 60,20 75,5 90,35 105,20 300,20' fill='none' stroke='%232AAE9B' stroke-width='3' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   7. Header / Navigation
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(247, 249, 252, 0.70);
  backdrop-filter: blur(22px) saturate(1.28);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(22px) saturate(1.28);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(55, 65, 81, 0.08);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.62);
  transition: box-shadow 0.25s ease, background-color 0.25s ease;
}

.site-header.is-scrolled {
  background: rgba(247, 249, 252, 0.90);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 42px rgba(23, 34, 59, 0.12);
}

.scroll-progress {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -1px;
  left: 0;
  height: 3px;
  overflow: hidden;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.scroll-progress span {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--teal), var(--blue), var(--purple));
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  will-change: transform;
}

.site-header__inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  padding-top: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
}

.site-header__brand {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  min-width: 0;
}

.site-header__logo {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.site-header__logo svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: block;
}

.site-header__brandtext {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-width: 0;
}

.site-header__name {
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.site-header__name-en {
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.hamburger {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  padding: 0;
  border: none;
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.hamburger__line {
  display: block;
  width: 24px;
  height: 2px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--ink);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, opacity 0.25s ease;
}

.site-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 24px;
}

.site-nav__list {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.nav-link {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: 6px 2px;
  position: relative;
}

.nav-link.active,
.nav-link:hover {
  color: var(--brand);
}

.nav-link::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -4px;
  height: 3px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
}

.nav-link.active::after,
.nav-link:hover::after,
.nav-link:focus-visible::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .nav-link::after {
    transition: transform 0.25s ease;
  }
}

/* Logo 微互動 — 滑過品牌區時輕輕傾斜 */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .site-header__logo svg {
    transition: transform 0.35s ease;
  }

  .site-header__brand:hover .site-header__logo svg {
    transform: rotate(10deg) scale(1.08);
  }
}

.btn-cta {
  background: var(--purple);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: 10px 22px;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.btn-cta::after {
  content: none;
}

/* CTA 光澤 — hover 時一道亮光掃過按鈕 */
.btn-cta {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.btn-cta::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: -80%;
  width: 50%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(105deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4), transparent);
  transform: skewX(-20deg);
  pointer-events: none;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .btn-cta:hover::before {
    animation: cta-shine 0.7s ease;
  }
}

@keyframes cta-shine {
  to {
    left: 130%;
  }
}

@view-transition {
  navigation: auto;
}

::view-transition-old(root) {
  animation: 180ms ease both page-fade-out;
}

::view-transition-new(root) {
  animation: 360ms cubic-bezier(.2, .8, .2, 1) both page-fade-in;
}

@keyframes page-fade-out {
  to { opacity: 0; filter: blur(3px); transform: scale(0.995); }
}

@keyframes page-fade-in {
  from { opacity: 0; filter: blur(5px); transform: scale(1.008); }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Nav dropdown groups（桌面）
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.nav-item {
  position: relative;
}

.nav-link--parent {
  background: none;
  border: none;
  padding: 6px 2px;
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
}

.nav-caret {
  font-size: 0.6rem;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.nav-item--dropdown:hover .nav-caret,
.nav-item--dropdown:focus-within .nav-caret {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.nav-dropdown {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  padding-top: 12px;
  display: none;
  z-index: 150;
}

.nav-item--dropdown:hover .nav-dropdown,
.nav-item--dropdown:focus-within .nav-dropdown {
  display: block;
}

.nav-dropdown__card {
  min-width: 168px;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: 14px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  padding: 8px;
}

.nav-dropdown__link {
  display: block;
  padding: 9px 14px;
  border-radius: 9px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-dropdown__link:hover,
.nav-dropdown__link.active {
  background: var(--tint);
  color: var(--brand);
}

/* 抽屜關閉鈕與遮罩（桌面隱藏） */
.drawer-close {
  display: none;
}

.nav-backdrop {
  display: none;
}

@media (max-width: 899px) {
  .hamburger {
    display: flex;
  }

  /* 右側滑出抽屜選單 */
  .site-nav {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    left: auto;
    width: min(320px, 84vw);
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    background: var(--white);
    box-shadow: -16px 0 40px rgba(23, 34, 59, 0.22);
    transform: translateX(105%);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    overflow-y: auto;
    padding: 64px 0 24px;
    z-index: 1200;
  }

  .site-nav--open {
    transform: translateX(0);
  }

  .drawer-close {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    position: absolute;
    top: 12px;
    right: 16px;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--tint);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1;
    cursor: pointer;
  }

  .nav-backdrop {
    display: block;
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(23, 34, 59, 0.45);
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
    z-index: 1100;
  }

  .nav-backdrop--show {
    opacity: 1;
    pointer-events: auto;
  }

  body.nav-open {
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .site-nav__list {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    padding: 8px 24px;
  }

  .site-nav__list li {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--tint);
  }

  .nav-link {
    display: block;
    padding: 14px 0;
  }

  .nav-link::after {
    display: none;
  }

  /* 抽屜內：群組展開顯示，父項為分類標題 */
  .nav-link--parent {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: left;
    padding: 14px 0 6px;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: var(--gray);
    cursor: default;
  }

  .nav-caret {
    display: none;
  }

  .nav-dropdown {
    position: static;
    transform: none;
    padding: 0;
    display: block;
  }

  .nav-dropdown__card {
    box-shadow: none;
    border-radius: 0;
    padding: 0 0 6px;
    min-width: 0;
    background: transparent;
  }

  .nav-dropdown__link {
    padding: 10px 0 10px 14px;
    white-space: normal;
  }

  .nav-item--dropdown {
    padding-bottom: 4px;
  }

  .lang-switch {
    display: block;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 16px 24px 0;
  }

  .btn-cta {
    display: block;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 12px 24px 24px;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .site-nav {
    transition: none;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   News ticker — header 下方細長跑馬燈（首頁）
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.news-ticker {
  background: var(--tint);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  overflow: hidden;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.news-ticker:empty {
  display: none;
}

.news-ticker__link {
  display: block;
}

.news-ticker__track {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 9px 0;
  will-change: transform;
}

.news-ticker__item {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 0 36px 0 0;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.news-ticker__item::before {
  content: "";
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.news-ticker__date {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .news-ticker__track {
    animation: ticker-scroll 45s linear infinite;
  }

  .news-ticker:hover .news-ticker__track,
  .news-ticker:focus-within .news-ticker__track {
    animation-play-state: paused;
  }
}

@keyframes ticker-scroll {
  from {
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
  to {
    transform: translateX(-50%);
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Language switch — header 中／EN 切換膠囊
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.lang-switch {
  font-family: var(--font-en);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--blue);
  color: var(--brand);
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.lang-switch:hover {
  background: var(--tint);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8. Footer
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.site-footer {
  padding: 64px 0 24px;
}

.site-footer__inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 1fr 0.8fr 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
  padding-bottom: 32px;
}

.site-footer__links .friend-sub {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: rgba(55, 65, 81, 0.55);
}

.site-footer__brand {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 8px;
}

.site-footer__logo {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
}

.site-footer__logo svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: block;
}

.site-footer__name {
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  margin: 0;
}

.site-footer__tagline {
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin: 0;
}

.site-footer__contact h3,
.site-footer__links h3 {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--brand);
  margin: 0 0 12px;
}

.site-footer__contact p {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.site-footer__links ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}

.site-footer__links a {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.site-footer__links a:hover {
  color: var(--blue);
}

.site-footer__copyright {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding-top: 20px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  text-align: center;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .site-footer__inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9. Lightbox
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.lightbox[hidden] {
  display: none;
}

.lightbox__backdrop {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(20, 15, 20, 0.82);
}

.lightbox__content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  max-width: min(90vw, 900px);
  max-height: 90vh;
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.lightbox__close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 8px;
  right: 8px;
}

.lightbox__img {
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 75vh;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: var(--ink);
}

.lightbox__caption {
  padding: 12px 20px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--white);
}

.lightbox__close {
  z-index: 2;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: none;
  background: var(--white);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

body.lightbox-open {
  overflow: hidden;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   10. Animations
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Reveal on scroll */
.reveal {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .reveal {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(18px);
    transition: 0.6s;
  }

  .reveal.in {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }

  @keyframes blob-drift {
    0% {
      transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1);
    }
    33% {
      transform: translate(20px, -30px) scale(1.05);
    }
    66% {
      transform: translate(-20px, 20px) scale(0.97);
    }
    100% {
      transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1);
    }
  }

  .blob {
    animation: blob-drift 18s ease-in-out infinite;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   11. Hero
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero__inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 48px;
}

.hero__chips {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 20px 0 24px;
}

.hero__title {
  font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 4vw, 2.75rem);
  line-height: 1.35;
  font-weight: 900;
  margin: 0 0 20px;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.hero__title .hl-blue {
  color: var(--blue);
}

.hero__title .hl-purple {
  color: var(--purple);
}

.hero__subtitle {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  max-width: 52ch;
  margin: 0 0 32px;
}

.hero__actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 16px;
}

.hero__art-wrap {
  position: relative;
  perspective: 1000px;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
  transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(.2, .8, .2, 1);
}

.hero__art-wrap::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: -10%;
  z-index: -1;
  border-radius: 42% 58% 60% 40%;
  background: conic-gradient(from 140deg, rgba(42, 174, 155, 0.28), rgba(69, 104, 200, 0.14), rgba(118, 104, 216, 0.30), rgba(42, 174, 155, 0.28));
  filter: blur(30px);
  opacity: 0.72;
}

.hero-art {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  object-fit: cover;
  box-shadow: 0 28px 80px rgba(38, 59, 128, 0.24);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .hero__art-wrap::before {
    animation: glass-orbit 12s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
  }
}

@keyframes glass-orbit {
  to { transform: rotate(18deg) scale(1.06); border-radius: 58% 42% 38% 62%; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  ::view-transition-old(root),
  ::view-transition-new(root) { animation: none; }
}

/* Placeholder shown when assets/hero-illustration.png fails to load */
.hero-art--placeholder {
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-art--placeholder::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(circle at 20% 30%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35) 0, transparent 45%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 80% 70%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25) 0, transparent 40%);
}

.hero-art--placeholder::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 64 64'%3E%3Cg fill='none' stroke='%23FFFFFF' stroke-width='2.5' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round' opacity='0.9'%3E%3Cpolyline points='4,32 18,32 24,18 32,46 40,24 44,32 60,32'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: center;
  background-size: 88px 88px;
}

@media (max-width: 899px) {
  .hero__inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .hero__art-wrap {
    order: -1;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   12. Section header (icon + title + mono-en label)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.section-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.section-header__title {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 1.9rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.section-header__icon {
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.section-header__icon svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: block;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   13. Focus grid (研究核心領域)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.focus-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
}

.focus-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
}

.focus-card__icon {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: var(--blue-bg);
}

.focus-card__icon svg {
  width: 26px;
  height: 26px;
}

.focus-card__title {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0;
}

.focus-card__text {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  margin: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 1023px) {
  .focus-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 599px) {
  .focus-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* 插圖版領域圖示 — .focus-card__icon / .area-block__icon 內放 <img> 時使用 */
.focus-card__icon--art {
  width: 64px;
  height: 64px;
}

.focus-card__icon--art,
.area-block__icon--art {
  background: transparent;
}

.focus-card__icon--art img,
.area-block__icon--art img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 12px;
}

/* 頁面內全寬插圖橫幅（pi.html） */
.page-banner {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  margin-top: 32px;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   14. News grid (最新消息)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* 消息列表 — 一行一則，點擊展開全文（取代舊的方塊卡片） */
.news-list {
  background: var(--white);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.news-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 16px 24px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.news-row:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.news-row:hover {
  background: var(--tint);
}

.news-row:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--brand);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}

.news-row__date {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  width: 5.5em;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.news-row__chip {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.news-row__content {
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  min-width: 0;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 1;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.news-row--open .news-row__content {
  display: block;
  -webkit-line-clamp: unset;
  overflow: visible;
}

/* Chip color variants — category mapping (all keep dark text).
   Text colors below are darkened locally from --cyan-deep/--violet-deep/--gray
   (not the shared tokens) so each variant meets WCAG AA 4.5:1 against its
   own background so each variant meets WCAG AA 4.5:1. */
.chip--honor {
  background: var(--purple-bg);
  color: #5240B8;
}

.chip--pub {
  background: var(--blue-bg);
  color: #33509F;
}

.chip--event {
  background: var(--teal-bg);
  color: #157A6A;
}

.chip--announce {
  background: transparent;
  color: #4A5670;
  border: 1.5px solid #4A5670;
}

@media (max-width: 599px) {
  .news-row {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 6px 12px;
    padding: 14px 18px;
  }
  .news-row__content {
    flex-basis: 100%;
  }
}

.news-view-all-btn {
  background: transparent;
  border: none;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  font-family: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.25s ease;
}

.news-view-all-btn:hover {
  color: var(--brand);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   15. Metric grid (研究成果總覽)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.metric-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
}

.metric-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  text-align: center;
}

.metric-card__icon {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: var(--blue-bg);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.metric-card__icon svg {
  width: 26px;
  height: 26px;
}

.metric-card__number {
  font-size: 2.25rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.1;
}

.metric-card__number--text {
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  color: var(--brand);
}

.metric-card__label {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.metric-card__label-en {
  color: var(--gray);
}

@media (max-width: 1023px) {
  .metric-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 599px) {
  .metric-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   16. Team grid (研究團隊)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.team-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
}

.team-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 10px;
}

.team-card__avatar {
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  font-size: 1.4rem;
}

.team-card__name {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.team-card__role {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.team-card__specialty {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* 主持人專長小徽章 */
.team-card__badges {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
}
.team-card__badges .chip {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  padding: 4px 12px;
}

/* 成員頁研究生卡片 */
.member-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(320px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}
.member-card__head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.member-card__avatar {
  width: 64px;
  height: 64px;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.member-card__name {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}
.member-card__role {
  margin: 4px 0 0;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.member-card__block {
  margin-top: 14px;
}
.member-card__block h4 {
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}
.member-card__block p,
.member-card__block ul {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.member-card__block ul {
  padding-left: 1.2em;
}

.team-card--wip {
  text-decoration: none;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .team-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   17. Contact section (聯絡我們)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.contact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.3fr 1fr;
  gap: 32px;
  align-items: start;
}

.contact-form {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 20px;
}

.form-field {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 6px;
}

.form-field label {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.form-required {
  color: var(--purple);
}

.form-field input,
.form-field select,
.form-field textarea {
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: 12px 14px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--white);
  resize: vertical;
}

.form-field input:focus,
.form-field select:focus,
.form-field textarea:focus {
  outline: 2px solid var(--blue);
  outline-offset: 1px;
}

.form-error {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--purple);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
}

.form-error[hidden] {
  display: none;
}

.contact-info-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 20px;
}

.contact-info-card__title {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.contact-info-card__text {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

@media (max-width: 899px) {
  .contact-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   18. Page hero (subpage banner) — .mono-en label + zh h1 + description
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.page-hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 56px 0 40px;
}

.page-hero__inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  text-align: center;
}

.page-hero__label {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.page-hero__title {
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3.6vw, 2.4rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 12px;
}

.page-hero__desc {
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 1rem;
  max-width: 60ch;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   19. Publications list (成果發表)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.pub-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
}

.pub-item {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: baseline;
}

.pub-item__index {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 32px;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: var(--font-en);
}

.pub-item__text {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.pub-item__text em {
  font-style: italic;
}

/* 每篇論文下方的資訊徽章（期刊排名／作者角色／補助編號） */
.pub-item__badges {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.pub-item__badges .chip {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  padding: 3px 10px;
}

.pub-section-title {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 48px 0 20px;
}

.pub-footnote {
  margin-top: 40px;
  padding-top: 20px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  text-align: center;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   20. Research projects table (研究計畫)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.table-wrap {
  overflow-x: auto;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  background: var(--white);
}

.projects-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  min-width: 720px;
}

.projects-table th,
.projects-table td {
  padding: 16px 20px;
  text-align: left;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  vertical-align: top;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.projects-table th {
  background: var(--blue-bg);
  color: var(--brand);
  font-weight: 700;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.projects-table td {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.projects-table tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.projects-table__name {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   21. Focus area sections (research.html 四領域)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.area-block {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 48px 1fr;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.area-block:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.area-block__icon {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: var(--blue-bg);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.area-block__icon svg {
  width: 26px;
  height: 26px;
}

.area-block__title {
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}

.area-block__text {
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 599px) {
  .area-block {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   22. Education subsections (education.html)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.edu-section {
  margin-bottom: 56px;
}

.edu-section:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.edu-section__title {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 20px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.edu-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
}

.edu-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
}

.edu-card__title {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.edu-card__text {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.edu-card__meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .edu-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   23. Member intro (members.html)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.member-intro {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
  align-items: start;
}

.member-intro__avatar-wrap {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  text-align: center;
}

.member-intro__avatar {
  width: 120px;
  height: 120px;
  font-size: 2.5rem;
}

.member-intro__name {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.member-intro__role {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.member-intro__body h3 {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--brand);
  margin: 0 0 12px;
}

.member-intro__block {
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.member-intro__block:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.member-intro__current {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin: 0;
}

.member-intro__list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}

.member-intro__list li {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  padding-left: 18px;
  position: relative;
}

.member-intro__list li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0.6em;
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--grad-brand);
}

.specialty-chips {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .member-intro {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    justify-items: center;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .member-intro__list li {
    text-align: left;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   24. WIP card grid (collaboration.html / resources.html)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.wip-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
}

.wip-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
}

.wip-card__title {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.wip-card__text {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

@media (max-width: 1023px) {
  .wip-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   活動花絮分類篩選（依照片檔名關鍵字分類）
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.gallery-filter {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.gallery-filter__chip {
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-family: inherit;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}

.gallery-filter__chip:hover {
  background: var(--purple-bg);
}

.gallery-filter__chip.chip--active {
  background: var(--brand);
  color: var(--white);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   25. Photo wall (collaboration.html 活動花絮) — CSS columns masonry
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.photo-wall {
  columns: 4 220px;
  column-gap: 16px;
}

.photo-wall__item {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  break-inside: avoid;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  border: none;
  padding: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  background: none;
}

.photo-wall__item img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .photo-wall__item:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.04);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .photo-wall {
    columns: 2 160px;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Partner lab — dedicated sister-lab cross-link card (collaboration.html)
   Structure shared with sung-lab-website; colors via --grad-brand token.
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.partner-lab {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 28px 32px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: transform .25s ease, box-shadow .25s ease;
}
.partner-lab::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 6px;
  background: var(--grad-brand);
}
.partner-lab:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 42px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}
.partner-lab__logo {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  width: 64px;
  height: 64px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
}
.partner-lab__logo svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}
.partner-lab__body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  min-width: 0;
}
.partner-lab__name {
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.partner-lab__pi {
  font-size: .9rem;
  color: var(--gray);
}
.partner-lab__desc {
  margin-top: 6px;
  font-size: .95rem;
  color: var(--gray);
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.partner-lab__cta {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  align-self: center;
  font-family: var(--font-en);
  font-weight: 600;
  white-space: nowrap;
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  color: var(--white);
  padding: 10px 20px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  transition: transform .2s ease;
}
.partner-lab:hover .partner-lab__cta {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .partner-lab {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 16px;
  }
  .partner-lab__cta {
    align-self: stretch;
    text-align: center;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   首頁主持人簡介卡（讓訪客一眼看出是誰的實驗室）— 與 sung-lab 同結構
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.home-pi {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 32px;
  padding: 32px;
}
.home-pi__avatar-wrap {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}
.home-pi__avatar {
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
}
.home-pi__body {
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  min-width: 0;
}
.home-pi__name {
  margin: 0 0 4px;
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.home-pi__en {
  margin-left: 8px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--gray);
}
.home-pi__role {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  color: var(--brand);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.home-pi__desc {
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  color: var(--gray);
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.home-pi__chips {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .home-pi {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    gap: 20px;
  }
  .home-pi__chips {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   返回鍵 — 由 components.js 注入於 header 下方（首頁以外每頁）
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.page-back {
  text-align: left;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.page-back--bar {
  padding: 16px 0 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.back-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  background: transparent;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--blue);
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  color: var(--brand);
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 7px 16px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}
.back-link:hover {
  background: var(--blue-bg);
}
.back-link:hover .back-link__arrow {
  transform: translateX(-3px);
}
.back-link:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--brand);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}
.back-link__arrow {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Micro add-ons — 滾動進度條、回頂按鈕、hover 微動效、複製引用小元件
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.scroll-progress {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: 0 50%;
  z-index: 300;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.to-top {
  position: fixed;
  right: 22px;
  bottom: 22px;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(12px);
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease;
  z-index: 200;
}
.to-top--show {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
  pointer-events: auto;
}
.to-top:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}
.to-top:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--brand);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* 首頁統計卡：icon 微升起 */
.metric-card__icon {
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}
.metric-card:hover .metric-card__icon {
  transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.06);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(69, 104, 200, 0.22);
}

/* 論文列 hover 淡底色 */
.pub-item {
  padding: 10px 12px;
  margin: 0 -12px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  transition: background 0.2s ease;
}
.pub-item:hover {
  background: var(--tint);
}

/* 計畫表格列 hover */
.projects-table tbody tr {
  transition: background 0.18s ease;
}
.projects-table tbody tr:hover {
  background: var(--blue-bg);
}

/* 複製引用小按鈕：hover 論文列時浮現；觸控裝置常駐顯示 */
.cite-copy {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: 10px;
  padding: 2px 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  background: var(--white);
  color: var(--gray);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-family: var(--font-en);
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.18s ease, color 0.18s ease, border-color 0.18s ease;
  vertical-align: 2px;
}
.pub-item:hover .cite-copy,
.cite-copy:focus-visible {
  opacity: 1;
}
.cite-copy:hover {
  color: var(--blue);
  border-color: var(--blue);
}
.cite-copy--done {
  color: var(--teal);
  border-color: var(--teal);
  opacity: 1;
}
@media (hover: none) {
  .cite-copy {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

/* 手機選單：頁首的毛玻璃效果會把固定位置的選單困在頁首高度裡，打開選單時先關掉 */
body.nav-open .site-header {
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: none;
  backdrop-filter: none;
}

/* 手機：頁首的毛玻璃效果會讓關起來的抽屜選單算進頁面寬度，手機上整頁可以左右晃動；手機版改用不透明底色 */
@media (max-width: 899px) {
  .site-header {
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: none;
    backdrop-filter: none;
    background: rgba(247, 249, 252, 0.97);
  }
}
body {
  overflow-x: clip;
}